The flutter characteristic differs for each aircraft type, and depends on the wing geometry as well as its operational region of subsonic, transonic or supersonic speeds. Mason supersonic aerodynamics 103 73116 the best paper to read on the b58 is by erickson. For the typical advanced fighter wing, the problem of obtaining efficient attached flow lift at maneu vering cl s occurs due to development of a strong crossflow shock and boundary. Birman university of missouri rolla, engineering education center at st. It also effected trim drag, the repositioned wingtips also reduced the area behind the airplanes center of gravity, which reduced trim drag. A supersonic airfoil is a crosssection geometry designed to generate lift efficiently at supersonic speeds. Flutter prediction, suppression and control in aircraft. A calculation study of wingaileron flutter in two degrees of. On fluttering modes for aircraft wing model in subsonic.
Aerodynamic flutter coefficients for subsonic, sonic and. Here, an inviscid 2d case of naca64010 airfoil flutter in supersonic mach region zhang et al. Supersonic aeroelastic instability results for a nasplike wing model stanley r. Flutter, postflutter, and control of a supersonic wing section article pdf available in journal of guidance control and dynamics 255 october 2002 with 58 reads how we measure reads. Supersonic flutter characteristics are calculated using kmethod and validated by experimental data where a good agreement is observed. A simulated flutter test method is introduced utilizing the two dimensional typical section method. Analysis has been carried out to find the natural frequency by fluidstructure interaction, then adopting its natural frequency to calculate the reduced frequency. Pdf transonic and supersonic flutter characteristics of.
Report presenting the results of some sample calculations for the bendingaileron and torsionaileron flutter of an idealized wing aileron system for several values of mach number in supersonic flow and some subsonic mach numbers. The flutter analysis is done using the normal mode approach and a ug method in frequencydomain. A torsional stiffness criterion for preventing flutter of. Prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using a high fidelity detached eddy simulation hongsik im, xiangyiang cheny. The effects of various parameters on wingtorsion aileronrotation flutter. Supersonic wing design the wing of a second generation supersonic transport will most likely have its leading edges swept behind the mach cone. Designing a control system for an airplane wing flutter. Prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using a. Postflutter of a supersonichypersonic crosssectional wing piergiovanni marzocca and liviu librescu virginia polytechnic institute and state university, blacksburg, va 240610219, and walter a. About the effect of control on flutter and postflutter of. Prediction of wing flutter boundary using high fidelity. In this study, just the primary control is investigated. The effects of various parameters on wing torsion aileronrotation flutter. The analysis has been conducted to calculate the flutter speeds at several altitudes ranging from a negative altitude of7,943 ft until 30000 ft.
Post flutter of a supersonichypersonic crosssectional wing piergiovanni marzocca and liviu librescu virginia polytechnic institute and state university, blacksburg, va 240610219, and walter a. One of the most dangerous aeroelastic failure phenomenon is flutter. Jordan communicated by the principal director of scientific research air, ministry oe supply reports and memoranda no. Consider the case where the wing is flying at sea level and the atmospheric pressure is 1bar. In part this was because the tires were very small to allow the gear to fit in the fuselage. Pdf prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary. Supersonic airfoils generally have a thin section formed of either angled planes or opposed arcs called double wedge airfoils and biconvex airfoils respectively. Prediction of wing flutter boundary using high fidelity delayed detached eddy simulation jiaye gan.
Influence of transonic flutter on the conceptual design of. Numerical analysis on flutter of busemanntype supersonic. A formula, based on a semirational analysis, is presented for estimating the torsional stiffness necessary to prevent flutter of a sweptback or unswept uniform wing that attains supersonic speeds. A straight swept wing of aluminum material is studied at transonic zone.
About the effect of control on flutter and postflutter of a. This paper concerns the flutter, post flutter and adaptive control of a nonlinear 2d wing flap system operating in supersonic hypersonic flight speed regimes. We recall that flutter, which is known as a very dangerous aeroelastic development, is the onset, beyond some speedaltitude combinations, of unstable and destructive vibrations of a lifting surface in an air stream 1 16. The results are preliminary but may provide some knowledge of the influence of variations in certain parameters and to indicate some of the differences. In the present paper, computational analysis has been carried out to assess the coupled fluidstructure interaction using nastran finite element approach. This has been and thus can be done and there is some current research on it as well. The f16s large delta wing is similar to the design that likely will be used on the future highspeed civil transport hsct, making the f16xl an excellent testbed for the laminar flow research project.
Prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using a high fidelity detached eddy simulation. G argmin kx 00 g k calibrate loworder model kx g n v physicsbased loworder model with unknown coe cients m 1 v combine with heavepitch structural model, extract eigenvalues and utter speeds. The flutter, postflutter and active control of a twodimensional airfoil with control surface operating in supersonichypersonic flight speed regions are investigated in this paper. Njuguna school of engineering and mathematical sciences, city university, london, northampton square, london, ec1v 0hb, uk. The results of not only the flutter tests but also the corresponding. Pdf for a wingbox structure model with tip stores, the aeroelastic analyses have been performed in the transonic and supersonic flow.
Supersonic flow resembles bizarre conditions to engineers, physicists and designers, years of research and experience lead to some interesting conclusions about wings in a supersonic flow. Linearnonlinear supersonic panel flutter in a high. Abstract emergence of flutter compromises not only the long term durability of the wing structure, but. Higher speeds mean higher sweep angles and less ef. Supersonic flutter of composite skin panels of repeatedsublaminate layup supersonic flutter of composite skin panels of repeatedsublaminate layup vijay, b. Aerodynamic flutter coefficients for subsonic, sonic and supersonic flow linear twodimensional theory by p. Report presenting the results of some sample calculations for the bendingaileron and torsionaileron flutter of an idealized wingaileron system for several values of mach number in supersonic flow and some subsonic mach numbers. Considering a rectangular wing, the pressure at a point p with coordinates x,y on the wing is only being defined by pressure. The airplane must be optimized for its supersonic mission and it must be capable of flying in subsonic regime especially for takeoff and landing.
The effect of certain parameters on binary wing torsion aileronrotation flutter are considered in a simplified analysis. When a wing is made lighter especially towards the tips, e. A continuous robust control strategy for the active. The need for such a design arises when an aircraft is required to operate consistently in the supersonic flight regime. Three shells with radiustothickness ratios of 2, 000 were subjected to radial external pressure loadings and to combinations of.
Aeroelastic tailoring of oscillating supersonic wing with. This paper presents aeroelastic tailoring optimization of a swept back supersonic wing with external stores using composite structure material for the wing skin. Aerodynamic flutter derivatives for a flexible wing with supersonic. Conceptual design of high speed supersonic aircraft. Active control of supersonichypersonic aeroelastic flutter for a twodimensional airfoil with flap 15 june 2011 science china technological sciences, vol. The unsteady aerodynamic force calculation is based on the splane unsteady nonplanar lifting surface method, and a finite element method is used to structurally model the wing.
A simulated flutter test method is introduced utilizing. Jun 15, 2011 the flutter, post flutter and active control of a twodimensional airfoil with control surface operating in supersonic hypersonic flight speed regions are investigated in this paper. These conditions are obtained from the supersonic linear theory and correspond to the propagation of. A cranked arrow wing of thicknesstochord ratio, 3% was adopted as the main lifting surface. Willcox z massachusetts institute of technology, cambridge, ma, 029 transonic aeroelasticity is an important consideration in the conceptual design of novel aircraft con gurations. The study of aeroelasticity may be broadly classified into two fields. Supersonic aircraft, on the other hand, usually have trapezoidal or delta wing planforms which essentially arise from aerodynamic considerations and aircraft. Active control of supersonichypersonic aeroelastic. The effect of certain parameters on binary wingtorsion aileronrotation flutter are considered in a simplified analysis. The wing flutter is a dynamic instability of a flight vehicle associated with the interaction of aerodynamic, elastic, and inertial forces aeroelastics phenomena. Supersonic flutter analysis of wings using an unsteady 3d. Silva nasa langley research center, hampton, va 236812199 abstract the control of the flutter instability and the conversion of the dangerous. A number of issues related to the supersonic flutter and postflutter of a wing section, as well to their control are addressed in this paper. Unmatched flutter speeds the flutter speed calculated in this example may or may not be physical, it depends on the systems flight condition.
The resulting structural weights provide a measure of the structural efficiency of the plan form geometry, structural layout, type of construction, and type of material. Supersonic thin airfoil theory for arbitrary airfoil sections in supersonic m. The results are preliminary but may provide some knowledge of the influence of variations in certain parameters and to indicate some of the differences in the trends. Aeroelasticity is the branch of physics and engineering that studies the interactions between the inertial, elastic, and aerodynamic forces that occur when an elastic body is exposed to a fluid flow. Pdf flutter, postflutter, and control of a supersonic. Flutter prediction, suppression and control in aircraft composite wings as a design prerequisite j. The results also show how the various parameters may change the supersonic wing flutter characteristics, i. Supersonic flutter analysis based on a local piston theory. The wing design and the liftanalysis programs are separate liftingsurfaces methods that solve the direct or inverse problem of design and lift analysis. Bullock lockheed engineering and sciences company hampton, va 23666 abstract an experimental study and an analytical study have.
As is well known, a flexible wing vibrating in an air flow may lose stability owing to flutter. Navierstokes equationsbased aeroelasticity of supersonic. A threedegreeoffreedom dynamic model is established, in which both the cubic nonlinear structural stiffness and the nonlinear aerodynamic load are accounted for. Pdf transonic and supersonic flutter characteristics of a wingbox.
Flutter, post utter, and control of a supersonic wing section. Sep 09, 1983 wing concept for supersonic maneuvering was developed and then demonstrated experimentally in a series of wind tunnel tests. Response of a threedegreeoffreedom wing with stiffness and aerodynamic nonlinearities at hypersonic speeds. Conversely, by adding wingspan to the sound sb8 design, the eigenfrequency of the sb9 wing went down. Flutter analysis of hybrid metalcomposite low aspect ratio. The flutter characteristic is different for each type of aircraft depends on the wing geometry. Investigation of flutter characteristics of supersonic. Transonic and supersonic flutter characteristics of a wing box model with tip stores conference paper pdf available june 2001 with 171 reads how we measure reads.
Dec, 2016 in the present paper, computational analysis has been carried out to assess the coupled fluidstructure interaction using nastran finite element approach. Active control of supersonichypersonic aeroelastic flutter. References 15 are good illustrations of some of the various. Pdf flutter, postflutter, and control of a supersonic wing. Msc nastran software is used to determine the flutter speed. Nasa highspeed research hsr smoothing the flow over. Photograph above is the f16xl with supersonic laminar flow control experiment black area on left wing, front or glove. Subsonic, transonic, and supersonic flutter tests of several highly tapered swept wings have. Prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using a high. A calculation study of wingaileron flutter in two degrees. Due to aeroelasticity wing torsion reduces aileron effect with increasing dynamic pressure rolling criterion, pb2v pb2velastic pb2vrigid republic p47 thunderbolt 7 aeroelasticaileron effect of boeing 2707300 supersonic transport concept elastictorigid ratio mach number 8. The f16s large delta wing is similar to the design that likely will be used on the future highspeed civil transport hsct, making the f16xl an. The xb70 valkyrie had dropping wing tips that added stability at high mach speeds as well as allowed the plane to ride on its own shock wave.
Prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using a high fidelity detached eddy simulation hongsik im, xiangyiang cheny, gecheng zha z dept. Active control of supersonic hypersonic aeroelastic flutter for a twodimensional airfoil with flap 15 june 2011 science china technological sciences, vol. Librescu department of engineering science and mechanics, virginia polytechnic institute and state university. Moatamedi3, c 1master student, faculty of technology, narvik university college, narvik, norway. Virginia polytechnic institute and state university. In the present studies, the wind tunnel models were designed by fem and lifting surface theory. Results of missile flights at speeds up to mach number 1. Unsteady transonic aerodynamics and aeroelastic calculations. Flutter, postflutter, and control of a supersonic wing. Supersonic flutter analysis based on a local piston theory weiwei zhang. Years of research and experience with the unusual conditions of supersonic flow have led to some interesting. Pdf flutter analysis of supersonic wing with external stores. Also, in order to control the twodimensional wing flutter, the force jet and pulse width pulse frequency pwpf are suggested. This paper concerns the flutter, postflutter and adaptive control of a nonlinear 2d wingflap system operating in supersonichypersonic flight speed regimes.
A number of issues related to the supersonic flutter and post flutter of a wing section, as well to their control are addressed in this paper. Aeroelasticity and fuel slosh princeton university. Allows silifidimplified li i dlinearized expression to be. The design of a supersonic airplane is essentially the design of two different airplanes combined into one. Vibration and flutter flight testing cranfield university. Flutter analysis of typical aircraft wing using doublet. Pdf prediction of a supersonic wing flutter boundary using. Motivated by our previous work in 1921 and 2325, a novel neural network nn based robust controller has been designed to asymptotically stabilize a supersonic aeroelastic.